Topaz is a semi-precious stone that is derived from the Sanskrit word ‘tapas' which means fire. It comes in various earthly tones. Of the available hues it comes in, the most valuable would be the ones with pink or deep golden yellow hues. Topaz could also come in blue, after color enhancement is done through the process of irradiation.

Topaz has a kind of an orthorhombic crystal structure. It has a hardness of 8 on the Moh's scale. It also occasionally has several tear-shaped cavities that encompasses varies immiscible liquids or a gas bubble. There are some that come with diamond-shaped cross-section traits with striations running through the length of the semi-precious stone.

This gemstone also has several holistic qualities. It is believed to be a formidable healing stone which encourages well-being. It is known to have the power of attracting love, promoting self-expression and enhancing creativity. Topaz also has medical benefits in that it is said to ease insomnia, hemorrhages and asthma. It is also the birthstone of those born in November.

In folklore, ancient Greeks believed that it could make the person wearing it to become invisible if it is used during an emergency. It was also used in banishing enchantment as well as in aiding in the process of correcting eyesight. The stone's restorative and esoteric attributes were believed to be controlled by the moon's waxing and waning.

Topaz could be found on igneous rocks such as in granites, pegmatites and volcanic lava. It could be mined in various locations including the US, Brazil, Pakistan, Australia, Tasmania, Russia and Mexico.